ASTM D4136-1982(2004) 用水样瓶采集可繁殖海洋浮游生物
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSamplingPhytoplanktonwithWater-SamplingBottles
【原文标准名称】:用水样瓶采集可繁殖海洋浮游生物
【标准号】:ASTMD4136-1982(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1982
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:资源回收;浮游生物;水质;污染控制;抽样方法
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Theadvantagesofwater-samplingbottlesareasfollows:4.1.1Samplesofknownvolumecanbeobtainedfromaprecisedepth.4.1.2Aquantitativesampleisobtained.Nanno-andultraplanktonarenotlostfromthesamplingdevice.4.1.3Asamplerofalmostanydesiredvolumeorconstructionmaterialcanbeobtained.4.1.4Thesamplerislight-weightandcanbeusedwithoutauxiliaryequipment.4.1.5Thereisafreeflowofwaterthroughthecylinderofthesamplerwhenitisbeinglowered.4.1.6Samplerscanbearrangedseriallytofacilitatesamplingatseveraldepthsalmostsimultaneously.4.1.7Thesamplercanbeusedinmostdepthsofwater.Thedisadvantagesofwater-samplingbottlesareasfollows:4.2.1Samplesareobtainedfromonlydiscretedepths;theycannotbeobtainedfromhorizontalorverticalstrataofwater.4.2.2Thesamplerscannotbeusedsatisfactorilyinfast-flowingwater.Thereareseveralspecialconsiderationsthatshallbeobservedwhenusingwater-samplingbottles.Theyareasfollows:4.3.1Thesamplersshouldbeprotectedfromdamage,whichcommonlyresultsinleakage.4.3.2Followinguse,thesamplersshouldbehungopeninahorizontalpositiontoallowforthoroughdrying.4.3.3Theendstoppersshouldbeinspectedperiodicallyforsignsofwearordeteriorationandreplacedasnecessary(Fig.1a,b,c).FIG.1Water-SamplingBottles(a)Kemmerer(b)VanDorn(c)Nansen(d)Fjarlie(IllustrationbyJ.W.SteinerandW.G.Hester,U.S.GeologicalSurvey,Doraville,GA)1.1Thispracticecoverstheproceduresforobtainingquantitativesamplesofaphytoplanktoncommunitybyuseofwater-samplingbottles.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z04
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:2P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【原文标准名称】:用水样瓶采集可繁殖海洋浮游生物
【标准号】:ASTMD4136-1982(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1982
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:资源回收;浮游生物;水质;污染控制;抽样方法
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Theadvantagesofwater-samplingbottlesareasfollows:4.1.1Samplesofknownvolumecanbeobtainedfromaprecisedepth.4.1.2Aquantitativesampleisobtained.Nanno-andultraplanktonarenotlostfromthesamplingdevice.4.1.3Asamplerofalmostanydesiredvolumeorconstructionmaterialcanbeobtained.4.1.4Thesamplerislight-weightandcanbeusedwithoutauxiliaryequipment.4.1.5Thereisafreeflowofwaterthroughthecylinderofthesamplerwhenitisbeinglowered.4.1.6Samplerscanbearrangedseriallytofacilitatesamplingatseveraldepthsalmostsimultaneously.4.1.7Thesamplercanbeusedinmostdepthsofwater.Thedisadvantagesofwater-samplingbottlesareasfollows:4.2.1Samplesareobtainedfromonlydiscretedepths;theycannotbeobtainedfromhorizontalorverticalstrataofwater.4.2.2Thesamplerscannotbeusedsatisfactorilyinfast-flowingwater.Thereareseveralspecialconsiderationsthatshallbeobservedwhenusingwater-samplingbottles.Theyareasfollows:4.3.1Thesamplersshouldbeprotectedfromdamage,whichcommonlyresultsinleakage.4.3.2Followinguse,thesamplersshouldbehungopeninahorizontalpositiontoallowforthoroughdrying.4.3.3Theendstoppersshouldbeinspectedperiodicallyforsignsofwearordeteriorationandreplacedasnecessary(Fig.1a,b,c).FIG.1Water-SamplingBottles(a)Kemmerer(b)VanDorn(c)Nansen(d)Fjarlie(IllustrationbyJ.W.SteinerandW.G.Hester,U.S.GeologicalSurvey,Doraville,GA)1.1Thispracticecoverstheproceduresforobtainingquantitativesamplesofaphytoplanktoncommunitybyuseofwater-samplingbottles.1.2Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z04
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:2P.;A4
【正文语种】:
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