ASTM E141-2010 基于概率取样的结果的证据接受的标准实施规程

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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforAcceptanceofEvidenceBasedontheResultsofProbabilitySampling
【原文标准名称】:基于概率取样的结果的证据接受的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME141-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E11.10
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:auditsubsample;confidencelimits;estimate;equalcompletecoverage;finitepopulationcorrection;hypergeometricdistribution;interpenetratingsubsamples;populationparameter;probabilitysampling;replicatesubsamples;samplesize;samplingdistribu
【摘要】:Thispracticeisdesignedtopermitusersofsamplesurveydatatojudgethetrustworthinessofresultsfromsuchsurveys.PracticeE105providesastatementofprinciplesforguidanceofASTMtechnicalcommitteesandothersinthepreparationofasamplingplanforaspecificmaterial.GuideE1402describestheprincipaltypesofsamplingdesigns.PracticeE122aidsindecidingontherequiredsamplesize.1.1Thispracticepresentsrulesforacceptingorrejectingevidencebasedonasample.Statisticalevidenceforthispracticeisintheformofanestimateofaproportion,anaverage,atotal,orothernumericalcharacteristicofafinitepopulationorlot.Itisanestimateoftheresultwhichwouldhavebeenobtainedbyinvestigatingtheentirelotorpopulationunderthesamerulesandwiththesamecareaswasusedforthesample.1.2Onepurposeofthispracticeistodescribestraightforwardsampleselectionanddatacalculationproceduressothatcourts,commissions,etc.willbeabletoverifywhethersuchprocedureshavebeenapplied.Themethodsmaynotgiveleastuncertaintyatleastcost,theyshouldhoweverfurnishareasonableestimatewithcalculableuncertainty.1.3Thispracticeisprimarilyintendedforone-of-a-kindstudies.Repetitivesurveysallowestimatesofsamplinguncertaintiestobepooled;theemphasisofthispracticeisonestimationofsamplinguncertaintyfromthesampleitself.Theparameterofinterestforthispracticeiseffectivelyaconstant.Thus,theprincipalinferenceisasimplepointestimatetobeusedasifitweretheunknownconstant,ratherthan,forexample,aforecastorpredictionintervalordistributiondevisedtomatcharandomquantityofinterest.1.4Asystemofunitsisnotspecifiedinthisstandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:A41
【国际标准分类号】:03_120_30
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语